With the rapid development of the internet and information technology, the increasingly diversified portable mobile terminals,\nonline shops, and social media have facilitated information exchange, social communication, and financial payment for people\nmore andmore than ever before. In themeantime, information security and privacy protection have beenmeeting with new severe\nchallenges. Although we have taken a variety of information security measures in both management and technology, the actual\neffectiveness depends firstly on people�s awareness of information security and the cognition of potential risks. In order to explore\nthe new technology for the objective assessment of people�s awareness and cognition on information security, this paper takes the\nonline financial payment as example and conducts an experimental study based on the analysis of electrophysiological signals.\nResults indicate that left hemisphere and beta rhythms of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal are sensitive to the cognitive degree\nof risks in the awareness of information security, which may be probably considered as the sign to assess people�s cognition of\npotential risks in online financial payment.
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